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...anadas-bragging-rights/article1555772/ British sniper shoots down Canada’s bragging rights]</ref><ref>[http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/2010/05/0 ...379/Sniper-s-Taliban-shots-earn-him-place-in-military-record-books/ SNIPER'S TALIBAN SHOTS EARN HIM PLACE IN MILITARY RECORD BOOKS - Daily Star 2-5-2010

|caption= The Loudenboomer from P.O. Ackley's Handbook for Shooters and Reloaders, Vol. 2. |vel1=4,160 ft/s (1,270 m/s)

...s, dangerous game hunting in the 1800s was as much a test of the gunbearer's ability to relay guns to the hunter, and his skill on horseback in the earl ...elopments of jacketed projectiles, closely followed by [[smokeless powder]]s in the late 1800s, that dangerous game could be taken with near 100% certai

...fle is often listed as the [[long rifle|Kentucky rifle]]) but it was Purdy's name ''express'' that stuck.<ref name=greener /> ...lly measured by [[gauge (bore diameter)|gauge]], as most modern [[shotgun]]s still are, rather than by [[caliber]]. Typical gauges used ranged from 12

...e in flight. External ballistics is frequently associated with [[firearm]]s, and deals with the behaviour of the [[bullet]] after it exits the [[barrel ...t aerodynamic, and 0.12 being the least. [[Very-low-drag bullet]]s with BC's ≥ 1.10 can be designed and produced on CNC precision lathes out of mono-m

|muzzle_velocity= 960 m/s (3,100 ft/s) (F1)<br>925 m/s (3,030 ft/s) (G2) ...ch: '''F'''usil d''''A'''ssaut de la '''M'''anufacture d''''A'''rmes de '''S'''aint-Étienne or "Assault rifle of the Saint-Étienne weapon factory") is

|muzzle_velocity= 740 m/s (2,428 ft/s) (SmK bullet) |sights=[[Iron sight]]s (all models); folding blade (front), folding micrometer, peep, graduated 10

|muzzle_velocity= 900 m/s (2,953 ft/s) ...= 500m (547 yd)<ref name="manual">Data taken from FS2000 [[carbine]] owner's manual</ref>

|muzzle_velocity= 823 m/s (2,700 ft/s) ...e' cartridge. FN decided to hedge their bets and cast their lot with the U.S., given that the UK appeared to be favoring their own EM-2.

|muzzle_velocity= 840 m/s (2,756 ft/s) ...d`Appui Général''<ref>[http://world.guns.ru/machine/mg06-e.htm World Gun's FN MAG page.] Retrieved on November 21, 2008.</ref> – "general purpose ma

...zle_velocity= 925 m/s (3,035 ft/s) (standard model)<br>866 m/s (2,841.2 ft/s) (Minimi Para) ...umb|left|A Canadian soldier assigned to 1st Battalion of Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry on exercise with the C9A1 variant of the Minimi.]]

...m/s (2,800 ft/s) (SS90)<ref name="marchington2004"/> <li>715 m/s (2,350 ft/s) (SS190)<ref name="miller2001"/> |range= 200 m (655 ft)<ref name="jones2009"/>

...h M855, 2,630 ft/s (800 m/s) with Mk 262</li><li>SCAR-H: 2,342 ft/s (714 m/s) with M80</li></ul> ...ichael. [http://www.americanrifleman.org/ArticlePage.aspx?id=1552&cid=0 FN's SCAR: A Cut Above], ''American Rifleman'', July 2009.</ref> This family of

...ll arm when discharged and is expressed in joule (J) and foot-pound force (ft·lb''_f'') for non-SI units of measure. ...y to tolerate free recoil is a personal perception. Just as it is a person's, personal perception of a comfort level to a specific room or outside temp

...eeast/10supergun.html?pagewanted=print "Shades of Supergun Evoke Hussein’s Thirst for Arms - The New York Times"].</ref> ...9, and the two married three days later. As a result of these events, Bull's family disowned their son for decades. Over the next few years the couple h

...ang, acronyms, and other linguistic peculiarities in the firearm community's lexicon. While by no means complete, it should be of at least some small h ... manner. ''"OMG, you bubba'ed it to death!"'' 2) ''noun:'' one who bubba's his (they're almost always male) guns.

...or which there are no commercial equivalents, such as [[wildcat cartridge]]s.<ref name=nonte_14>Nonte, chapter 14, "Case Forming: Making What You Need f ...pe/size; dies used to size the cartridges can be matched to a given weapon's chamber. Modern handloading equipment enables a firearm owner to tailor fre

|muzzle_velocity= ~ 930 m/s (3,050 ft/s) ...untries as well. In particular, versions of the G11 were included in the U.S. [[Advanced Combat Rifle]] program.

|muzzle_velocity= 800 m/s (2,625 ft/s) ...n 1969, Rheinmetall gave up production rights to the G3 in exchange for HK's promise not to bid on [[Rheinmetall MG3|MG3]] production. Later in 1977, th

...= - 920 m/s (3,018 ft/s) (G36, G36V, MG36, MG36E)<br>- 850 m/s (2,788.7 ft/s) (G36K, G36KV) ...t]] and [[West Germany]] and H&K was acquired in 1991 by British Aerospace's Royal Ordnance division (known today as BAE Systems).

|cartridge= [[9x19mm Parabellum]]<br/> [[10mm Auto]] (MP5/10)<br/> [[.40 S&W]] (MP5/40) *400 m/s (1,312 ft/s) (MP5A2, MP5A4, MP5A3, MP5A5)

==Theory's introduction== ...l directions far beyond the wound axis''. <ref name="fn_(100)"> Chamberlin FT, Gun Shot Wounds, in Handbook for Shooters and Reloaders, Vol. II, Ackley P

*900 m/s (2,953 ft/s) (5.56 mm SAR) *950 m/s (3,117 ft/s) (5.56 mm AR, ARM)

|muzzle_velocity= 900 m/s (2,953 ft/s) ...ctor Grade Publications, Canada</ref> As the 7.62 mm [[self-loading rifle]]s started to become obsolete by the 1980s, India began to develop the INSAS,

...of firearms of all types, from small-bore Olympic [[rifle]]s and [[pistol]]s, to high-tech [[artillery]]. ...any sort is igniting the propellant. The earliest firearms were [[cannon]]s, which were simple closed tubes. There was a small aperture, the "touchhol

|muzzle_velocity= Sources vary; between 265 m/s to 350 m/s ... scrap. Rifles sold to civilians were often modified for use as [[shotgun]]s or hunting firearms. Today it is hard to find an unmodified ''kammerlader''

|muzzle_velocity= 760 m/s (2,493 ft/s) ...or Model 1898 had an internal, staggered row magazine of five [[cartridge]]s within the receiver. Since the rifle was shorter than the earlier Karabiner

|muzzle_velocity= 880 m/s (2,887 ft/s) ... a possible 5.45mm weapon platform since late 1980). In 1985, the weapon’s parameters were confirmed and factory tests were conducted by the end of th

|muzzle_velocity= 770 m/s (2,526 ft/s) ...nion, upper and lower handguards, muzzle device and magazine. The weapon’s method of operation, the rotary bolt locking mechanism and ammunition are i

|muzzle_velocity= 920 m/s (3,018 ft/s)

|muzzle_velocity= 920 m/s (3,018 ft/s) ...chambered [[Kbk wz. 1988 Tantal|wz. 1988 Tantal]] rifle). The new weapon’s specifications were approved in February 1995 and in December the same year

|muzzle_velocity= 580 m/s (1900 ft/s) to 870 m/s (2854 ft/s) depending on ammunition |range= 900 m (3,000 ft)

|muzzle_velocity= 744 m/s (2,441 ft/s) ...e rifle for the first half of the 20th century, and was adopted by Britain's colonies and Commonwealth allies, including India, [[Australia]], [[New Zea

1888. This rifle used Metford's segmental, shallow-land rifling, and was today's standard rifling - offered much deeper, somewhat wider, lands to

|muzzle_velocity= 975.4 m/s (3,200 ft/s) ...21 Sniper Weapon System|M21]] and [[M25 Sniper Rifle|M25]] [[sniper rifle]]s.

|muzzle_velocity= 3,200 ft/s (975 m/s) (M16A1) 3,050 ft/s (930 m/s) (M16A2)

|muzzle_velocity= 2,800 ft/s (853 m/s) ... but also the [[Lee Model 1895]] and [[M1885 Remington-Lee]] used by the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, as well as the remaining trap-door Springfields (Mo

|caption= Mid-1945 produced M1911A1 U.S. Army semi-automatic pistol by Remington Rand. This one was re-built by Ann ... model;<br/>4.25 in (108 mm), Commander model;<br/>3.5 in (89 mm), Officer's ACP model

|muzzle_velocity= 2,800 ft/s (853.6 m/s) ... many other early machine guns, the M1917 had nothing to do with [[Maxim]]'s design. It was much lighter than [[Maxim gun|Maxim type]] guns such as 62 k

|muzzle_velocity= 805 m/s (2,640 ft/s) |service= 1917–1960s (U.S.)

[[7.62x51mm NATO]] (U.S. Navy and some commercial variants) |muzzle_velocity= 2,800 ft/s (853 m/s)

|muzzle_velocity= 1,970 ft/s (600 m/s) |service= July 1942–1960s (U.S.)

|muzzle_velocity= 250 ft/s (76 m/s) |max_range= 1,312 ft (400 m)

|muzzle_velocity= 905 m/s (2,970 ft/s) |feed= Disintegrating [[Belt (ammo)|belt]] with [[M13 Link]]s

|muzzle_velocity= 2,580 ft/s (790 m/s) w/M118LR Sniper load (175 gr.) ...um power of 9×). The rifle itself comes with a detachable Harris 6-9" BRM-S swivel bipod unit.

|muzzle_velocity= 930 m/s (2789 ft/s) (as of 2006 USMC standards = 3050 fps) ...rovements. The M2 has been in use longer than any other [[small arm]] in U.S. inventory. It was very similar in design to the smaller [[Browning Model 1

|muzzle_velocity= 920 ft/s (280 m/s) ..."grease gun", owing to its similarity in appearance to the common mechanic's tool.

|muzzle_velocity= 2,900 ft/s (884 m/s) |manufacturer=[[Colt's Manufacturing Company|Colt Defense]]

|muzzle_velocity= 853 m/s (~2,800 ft/s) |feed= Disintegrating [[Belt (ammo)|belt]] with [[M13 link]]s

|muzzle_velocity= 755 m/s (2,475 ft/s) ...led tank MGs and the Russian 7.62 mm GShak aircraft gun. However, the MG42's belt-feed and quick-change barrel system allowed for more prolonged firing

|muzzle_velocity= ~380 m/s (1,247 ft/s) ...s VPM 1930 and [[ERMA EMP-35|EMP]]. Vollmer then worked on Berthold Geipel's MP 36 and in [[1938]] submitted a prototype to answer a request from the Ge

... gun|M2 machine gun]] surrounded by spent shell casings: [[John Browning]]'s design has been one of the longest serving and successful machine gun desig ...rm]], usually designed to fire [[List of rifle cartridges|rifle cartridge]]s in quick succession from an [[Belt (ammo)|ammunition belt]] or large-capaci

|muzzle_velocity= 900 ft/s (270 m/s) ...ford]], and even 0.303 calibre cordite carbines, called [[Martini-Enfield]]s (as opposed to Enfield-Martinis).

|muzzle_velocity= 425 m/s (1,394 ft/s) ...carrying case, and a grip shaped like the end of a broom's handle. The gun's distinctive appearance earned it the nickname "Broomhandle" in the English-

|muzzle_velocity= 3,050 ft/s (930 m/s) ...sed [[SOPMOD]] upgrades). The SPR was eventually type classified by the U.S. Navy as the Mk 12. Note that the weapon was developed by a Navy office (N

[[Image:45ACPMoonclip.jpg|thumb|[[S&W Model 625]] with moon clipped [[.45 ACP]] [[ammunition]]]] ...a [[revolver]] [[cylinder]]. Moonclips may either hold an entire cylinder's worth of cartridges together, half a cylinder ('''half-moon clip'''), or ju

...contrast with the mortar's larger siblings, [[howitzer]]s and [[field gun]]s, which fire at higher velocities, longer ranges, flatter arcs, and sometime [[Image:Mallet's mortar.JPG|thumb|225px|Mallet's Mortar with 36 inch shells which would have contained 480lb (217kg) of gunp

|muzzle_velocity= Light ball, ~ 850 m/s (2,789 ft/s) rifle ~ 800 m/s (2,625 ft/s) carbine.

...tter velocity is close to the limit achievable with chemical [[propellant]]s. ...e being equal. As the bullet moves down the bore, however, the propellant's gas pressure behind it diminishes. Given a long enough barrel, there will

|muzzle_velocity= 305 m/s (1,000 ft/s) ....]][[File:needle gun action.jpg|thumb|The inner workings or the needle gun's [[action]].]]

...ucing a dangerous combination. Capable of reaching a muzzle energy of 500 ft/lbs, the .38 Super remains a viable defensive cartridge, though it is most ...ressure ammunition is restricted to law enforcement sales, such as Federal's .38 Special and 9mm +P+ Hydra-Shok cartridges.<ref>[http://www.le.atk.com/I

|muzzle_velocity= 715 m (2,346 ft)/s ...rned after the [[AK-47]], and chambered in the [[7.62x39mm]] cartridge. It's exported as the [[AIM rifle|AIM]].

|muzzle_velocity= 2,723 ft/s (830.0 m/s) with 151 gr (10 g) projectile (7N14) ...teel receiver similar to the [[RPK]] light machine gun's receiver. The PSL's operation is the same long stroke action of the [[Mikhail Kalashnikov|Kalas

...has come to mean extreme close range (i.e., target within about a meter (3 ft) of the [[muzzle]] at moment of discharge but not close enough to be an act ...K259jEAw#PPA10,M1 "Instruction Upon the Art of Pointing Cannon."] J. and G.S. Gideon.</ref>

...e expanding gases liberated by sudden chemical reactions. [[Light gas gun]]s use a combination of these mechanisms. [[Railgun]]s utilize electromagnetic fields to provide a constant acceleration along the

.../s (3,215 ft/s) (R4)<br>920 m/s (3,018.4 ft/s) (R5)<br>825 m/s (2,706.7 ft/s) (R6) ...(firearm)|magazine]] are now made of a high-strength polymer and the stock's arms were lengthened, adapting the weapon for the average South African sol

|muzzle_velocity= 715 m/s (2,346 ft/s) ...n muzzle device and manual gas valve, enabling the use of [[rifle grenade]]s. After undergoing further testing and implementing several changes (among t

|muzzle_velocity= 745 m/s (2,444 ft/s) (RPK, RPKS)<br/>960 m/s (3,149.6 ft/s) (RPK-74, RPKS-74) ...Exercise Rescue Eagle 2000.jpg|left|thumb|A Romanian soldier instructs a U.S. Marine on the operation of the RPK.]]

... law of conservation of momentum and is due to and equal to the projectile's mass times its velocity added to the mass of the escaping gases, burnt prop ...the shooter; in heavier guns such as mounted [[machine gun]]s or [[cannon]]s, the recoil is absorbed by a mounting system.

... greater firepower of massed [[musket]]s, which fired round [[musket ball]]s of calibers up to 19 mm (0.75 inch). [[Benjamin Robins]], an [[England|Engl ...s tended to be very long&mdash;an 1890 [[Martini-Henry]] was almost 2 m (6 ft) in length with a fixed [[bayonet]]. The demand for more compact weapons fo

...curate?], Dan Lilja</ref> Extremely long projectiles such as [[flechette]]s may require impractically high twist rates; these projectiles must be inher *C = 150 (use 180 for muzzle velocities higher than 2,800 f/s)

...0 m (2,526 yd / 1.435 mi), set just days before Furlong's record. Furlong's record was surpassed in 2009 by Corporal of Horse [[Craig Harrison]] of the ... shot hit the knapsack on the militant's back. The third struck the target's torso, killing him. The distance was measured as 2,430 metres (2,657 yd / 1

|muzzle_velocity= 940 m/s (3,084 ft/s) (L85A1)<br/>970 m/s (3,182.4 ft/s) (L86A1 LSW) ...n 1988 production of the rifle was transferred to the [[Royal Ordnance]]’s Nottingham Small Arms Facility (later British Aerospace, Royal Ordnance; no

|cartridge= [[9x19mm Parabellum]], [[.40 S&W]], [[.357 SIG]], [[.22 LR]] (Classic 22 model only) |feed= 12 or 13 round [[Magazine#Box|magazine]] (.40 S&W, .357 SIG); 15, 17, 18, or 20 round Magazine (9mm Parabellum); 10 round p

|muzzle_velocity= 735 m/s (2,410 ft/s) ...a]], where it was designated the "Type 56", East Germany as the "Karabiner S" and in North Korea as the "Type 63". It is today popular on the civilian s

|muzzle_velocity= 840 m/s (2,756 ft/s) ...h Tokarev and Simonov submitted their improved designs. This time, Tokarev's rifle was chosen. It was accepted for production under the designation SVT-

|muzzle_velocity= 705 m/s (2,313 ft/s)<br/>[[Muzzle energy]]: 1988 J ... 52]] self-loading rifle and the 7.62 mm Sa 24 and Sa 26 [[submachine gun]]s.

|muzzle_velocity= 823 m/s (2,700 ft/s) ..." vertical movement of the MPI at 200 yards.</ref> <br>[[Telescopic sight]]s (C2)

...arly 15th century) and Liu Ji (1311&ndash;1375) sometime before the latter's death, a preface added by Jiao in 1412.<ref name="needham volume 5 part 7 2 ...nition_fuzes|fuze]] and detonate the charge, and were fired from [[mortar]]s. The flash from the discharge of the gun was supposed to ignite the fuze wh

...operating mechanisms, including breech loading, [[double barreled shotgun]]s, pump-action, bolt-action, lever-action, and semi-automatic models. ...hotgun-type weapons were largely replaced on the battlefield with [[rifle]]s, which were more accurate over longer ranges. The decline in military use o

...hot @ [[muzzle velocity|MV]]) !! Gun weight<br>(lbs.) !! Recoil energy<br>(ft. lbs.) ... from various sources including the [[recoil]] nomograph in the Handloader's Digest 8th Edition, the [http://www.biggameinfo.com/RecoilCalc.asp online r

... (W.W. Norton & Company, New York, 2007) Endnotes, pp.301-6</ref> (now a U.S. Senator.), posits that a single bullet, known as "Warren '''C'''ommission ...identified as CE399. Its copper jacket was completely intact. The bullet’s nose appeared normal, but the tail was compressed laterally on one side.

|muzzle_velocity= 700 m/s (2,297 ft/s) ...zo-Rozwojowy'' state research institute in the city of Radom. The weapon’s technical specifications were confirmed that same year. It was not until 19

... artillerymen, and soldiers to ignite [[matchlock]] [[musket]]s, [[cannon]]s, and petards. Slow matches were most suitable for use around black powder ...y for an extended period of time. The rate of burning was approximately 1 ft (305mm) per hour. In practical use on a matchlock, both ends of the match c

...d a "sniper". <ref name="etymology">[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?l=s&p=29 Online Etymology Dictionary - Snipe]</ref> ...aissance from a concealed position and, if necessary, to reduce the enemy's fighting ability by striking at a small number of high value targets, espec

|muzzle_velocity= 1,200 ft/s (365 m/s) ...tish]] [[Sten]] [[Submachine Gun]], designed to circumvent then-existing U.S. laws defining a [[Machine guns|machine gun]]. The Sputter Gun, lacking a [

|muzzle_velocity= 365 m/s (1,198 ft/s) ...of [[United Kingdom|British]] [[9x19mm Parabellum|9 mm]] [[submachine gun]]s used extensively by British and Commonwealth forces throughout [[World War

|muzzle_velocity= 940 m/s (3,084 ft/s) (standard rifle) ...Saudi Arabia, Tunisia (introduced in 1978), Pakistan and since 1988, the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency.

...ry. This term is not a euphemism for lethality; it refers only to a weapon's ability to incapacitate quickly, regardless of whether death ultimately res ...ding tissues and vital organs through the entire length of a game animal’s body if need be.

|muzzle_velocity= 685m (2,247 ft)/s ...ard ([[7.92x57mm Mauser]]) [[rifle]] round, in combination with the weapon's selective-fire design, provided a compromise between the controllable firep

[[Image:Maxim patent drawing.png|right|250px|thumb|Diagram from Maxim's 1908 silencer patent 916,885<ref>Parker, ''Firearm Suppressor Patents: Vol. ...luminum baffles are seldom used with [[Automatic firearm|automatic weapon]]s, because service life is unacceptably short. Some modern suppressors using

| [[.44 S&W]] ([[Smith & Wesson]])|| 1869 | [[.32 S&W]] (Smith & Wesson)|| 1870

...h a perfect hole through the target. These bullets are called [[wadcutter]]s, and they have a very flat front, often with a relatively sharp edge along ...unition normally does). The US military now issues ammunition to [[sniper]]s that use bullets of this type. In [[7.62 x 51 mm NATO]], M852 Match and M11

...acture his Contender pistol. As K.W. Thompson Tool began marketing Center's Contender pistol, they changed the company name to Thompson/Center Arms Com Thompson/Center's success came with the emergence of long range [[handgun hunting]] and targe

...you can check out '''[[wikipedia:Trajectory|this article]]''' on Wikipedia's website). We're just going to stick with covering the topic of trajectory ...ndage]], barometric pressure and humidity) to variances in gravity -- That's right: the force of gravity '''isn't''' the same everywhere on Earth (and h

...s a [[firearms]] term that refers to the rate of twist of a [[gun barrel]]'s [[rifling]] grooves. ...ction forces generated. For example, the .220 Swift, at 4,000 ft/s (1200 m/s), spins the 50 grain (3 g) bullet at 240,000 rpm.

|origin= [[People's Republic of China]] |muzzle_velocity= 735 m/s (2,411 ft/s)

|origin= [[People's Republic of China]] |muzzle_velocity= 720 m/s (2,362 ft/s)

|muzzle_velocity= 3,050 ft/s (930 m/s) ...913 modular rail system" (this most likely implies the use of the [[Knight's Armament Company]] Free-Floating Rail Adapter System) and an M16A1 trigger

|muzzle_velocity= ~400 m/s (1,312 ft/s) ... gun]]s. Smaller variants are more accurately considered [[machine pistol]]s.