Table of cartridges

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Three tables, one per century, of pistol, submachine gun, rifle, revolver and machine gun cartridges by year. A fourth table, specifically for wildcats, may be added later or may be placed in its own page.

19th century

Name Date Nation Size
Metric
Comments Image
.22 Short 1857 USA 5.7mm Oldest commercial cartridge being loaded today 22short.jpg
.44 Henry 1860 USA 11.3mm Originally designed for use in "that damned Yankee rifle that they load on Sunday and shoot all week." 44 henry flat long case.jpg
.50 Remington (M71 Army) 1867 USA 12.7 mm .508
.450 Boxer/.450 Revolver/.450 Adams 1868 Britain .455
.44 S&W (Smith & Wesson) 1869 USA - -
.32 S&W (Smith & Wesson) 1870 USA - -
.22 Long 1871 USA 5.7mm second oldest surviving rimfire cartridge 22 long.jpg
.50-90 Sharps 1872 USA - The mainstay of the American Buffalo Hunter
.45-70 Government 1873 USA - One of the oldest centerfire cartridges still in commercial production 45-70 Government dimensions.jpg
.44-40 Winchester 1873 USA - .427
.45 Colt 1873 USA 11.58 × 32 mm Used in both pistol and rifle, sometimes referred to as .45 Long Colt. 45 Colt dimensions.jpg
.476 Enfield 1880 United Kingdom
.32-20 Winchester 1882 USA - -
.38-55 Winchester 1884 USA - -
.22 CB 1888 USA 5.6mm low-power target round Not Available
7.92 x 57 mm Mauser 1888 Germany 7.92 x 57 mm AKA 8 x 57 mm Mauser 8 x 57 IS.jpg
.455 Webley 1889 United Kingdom year of approval
7.5 x 55 Schmidt Rubin 1889 Switzerland 7.5 x 55 mm AKA GP-11
.303 British 1889 Britain 7.7 x 56 mm 303 British dimensions.jpg
9 x 57 Mauser 1890s Germany 9.06 x 56.8 mm -
7.62 x 54R 1891 Russia 7.62 x 54 mm Oldest cartridge still in official military use, used in SVD Dragunov with Russia and the PSL rifles with many other countries.
.30-40 Krag 1892 USA .308
7.82mm
-
.38 Long Colt 1892 USA 9.65 mm -
7 x 57 mm Mauser 1892 Germany 7 × 57 mm -
6.5 x 55 mm 1895 Union of Sweden
and Norway
6.5 × 55 mm -
.30-30 Winchester 1895 USA - First smokeless cartridge designed for big game hunting 30-30 specs.jpg
.450 Nitro Express 1895 United Kingdom by J. Rigby smokeless cartridge based upon .450 Black Powder Express
6.5 mm Arisaka 1897 Japan 6.5 × 50 mm -
7.65 mm Browning 1899 Belgium - .32 ACP 32ACP.jpg

20th century

Name Date Nation Size
Metric
Comments Image
7.65 mm Parabellum 1900 Germany - Also .30 Luger
.450 circa 1900 United Kingdom bottle necked cartridge for the Webley-Mars Automatic Pistol
.38 ACP 1900 USA - aka the "38 auto" 38 ACP dimensions.jpg
.32 S&W Long (Smith & Wesson) 1901 USA - long .32 S&W
9 mm Luger 1902 Germany 9 × 19 mm AKA 9 mm Parabellum 9mm Parabellum (Luger).jpg
.38 Special 1902 USA - - 38 special.jpg
.600 Nitro Express 1903 United Kingdom Jeffrey, 900-grain (58 g) bullet 1,950 ft/s (590 m/s) at muzzle
.45 ACP 1905 USA - Automatic Colt Pistol 45 ACP.jpg
.32 Winchester 1905 USA - -
.35 Remington 1906 USA - -
.25 ACP 1906 USA 6.35 mm - 25 ACP dimensions.jpg
.30-06 Springfield 1906 USA 7.62 x 63 - .30-06 Springfield.jpg
.470 Nitro Express 1907 Britain - Joseph Lang
.44 Special 1908 USA - - 44 Smith & Wesson Special.jpg
9 mm Browning Short 1912 Belgium - also called .380 Automatic 380acp.jpg
250-3000 1915 USA - 3000 ft/s (910 m/s)
.300 Savage 1920 USA - -
.50 BMG 1921 USA 12.7 x 99 mm used in Heavy Machine Guns and anti-materiel rifles 50 Browning Machine Gun.jpg
.270 Winchester 1925 USA - -
.38 Super Auto 1929 USA - -
.22 Hornet 1930 USA - First centerfire cartridge widely adapted for varminting 22 Hornet.jpg
7.92 DS 1934 Poland 7,92 x 107 mm Used for kbk ppanc wz.35 anti-tank rifle
.357 Magnum 1935 USA - Long .38 Special 357 Magnum dimensions.jpg
.220 Swift 1935 USA - -
.348 Winchester 1936 USA - -
7.9 mm Kurz 1938 Germany - - 7.92x33mm Kurz.jpg
.218 Bee 1938 USA - -
6.5 x 68 1939 Germany - -
8 x 68 S 1939 Germany - -
7.7mm Arisaka 1939 Japan - -
14.5x114mm 1939 Soviet Union - - 14.5x114 dimensions.jpg
.30 Carbine 1940 USA 7.62 x 33 mm - 30 M1 Carbine.jpg
7.62 x 39 mm 1943 USSR - .311 from 7.9 mm Kurz 762x39CartDrawing.jpg
.280 British 1948 United Kingdom 7 mm also known as 7 mm FN Short, intermediate round adopted in 1951 Not Available
.30-30 Ackley 1949 United States Wildcat variant of the Win 30-30 by PO Ackley 3030 Ackley spec.jpg
.222 Remington 1950 USA - - 222 Remington specs.jpg
7.62 x 51 mm 1950 Belgium/USA - NATO (1953), T65 .308 Not Available
.454 Casull 1954 USA - Long .45 Colt 454Casull.jpg
.308 Winchester 1955 USA - Civilian 7.62 mm NATO .308 Winchester.jpg
.44 Remington Magnum 1955 USA - Long .44 Special 44 Remington Magnum.jpg
.223 Remington 1955 USA - Long .222 Remington 223 Remington.jpg
.243 Winchester 1955 USA 6 mm x 51 mm 6 mm, from .308
.458 Winchester Magnum 1956 USA - -
.280 Remington 1957 USA - from .30-06
.460 Weatherby 1958 USA .458
11.63 mm
-
.22 WMR 1959 USA - basically a .22 WRF, on steroids 22 WMR specs.jpg
.454 Casull 1959 USA - - 454Casull.jpg
5.56 × 45 mm NATO 1960 USA - - 5.56x45mm NATO dimensions.jpg
.256 Magnum 1962 USA - formed from .357 Magnum
7 mm Remington Magnum 1962 USA - -
.300 Winchester Magnum 1963 USA 7.8mm - 300WM.png
.41 Magnum 1964 USA 10.4mm Primarily developed for use in large-frame revolvers 41 Magnum.jpg
.444 Marlin 1964 USA - long .44 Magnum, .429
.22-250 Remington 1965 USA - Varminter 22-250.jpg
5 mm Remington Rimfire Magnum 1970 USA 5mm (.2045) Obsolete rimfire
.44 AMP 1971 USA - .429
.30 Herrett 1973 USA - short .30-30 Winchester
5.45 x 39 mm M74 1974 USSR - AK-74, .215 5.45x39 specs.jpg
.22 PPC 1974 USA - -
6 mm PPC 1975 USA - from .22 PPC, .243
6.5 mm JDJ 1978 USA - From .225 case
.45 Winchester Magnum 1979 USA - long .45 ACP
5.56 mm SS–109 1979 Belgium - NATO (1980), 2nd gen.
7 mm-08 Remington 1980 USA - 308 Winchester case necked down to 7 mm (.284")
10 mm Auto 1983 Sweden - Developed by Jeff Cooper, originally produced FFV Norma AB, and introduced in 1983 in the ill-fated Bren Ten pistol. 10 mm Auto.jpg
.338 Lapua Magnum 1983 Finland 8.6 x 70 mm Designed for military long-range sniper rifles
.32 Harrington & Richardson 1984 USA - long .32 S&W Long
.41 AE 1986 USA - Action Express
5.6 mm GP 90 1987 Switzerland 5.6 × 45 mm for Sig Sauer 550, 551, and 552
.416 Remington Magnum 1988 USA - -
.50 AE 1988 USA - for IMI Desert Eagle
.40 S&W 1990 USA - - 40 Smith & Wesson.jpg
5.7 x 28 mm 1990 Belgium 5.7 x 28 mm PDW — Defeats Class IIIA body armour FN round 1.png
.307 Winchester 1982 USA - Rimmed version of the 308 Winchester, for use in lever-action rifles
.224-BOZ - Britain - 5.56 × 23 mm, in 10 mm case
.357 SIG 1994 Switzerland/USA - 357 SIG dimensions.jpg
.400 Corbon 1997 USA - .45ACP necked down to .40 caliber

21st century

Name Date Nation Size
Metric
Comments Image
450 Marlin 2000 USA - Derived from 45–70 Govt.
4.6 x 30 mm 2000 Germany - 4.6 mm proprietary
.480 Ruger 2001 USA - Derived from 475 Linebaugh
.300 WSM 2001 USA - Winchester Short Magnum
.408 Chey Tac 2001 USA - Used in Cheyanne Tactical's M200 Intervention, and M310 rifles
.270 WSM 2002 USA - Winchester Short Magnum
7 mm WSM 2002 USA - Winchester Short Magnum
.17 HMR 2002 USA - Hornady Magnum Rimfire Not available
6.5 Grendel 2003 USA 6.5 x 39 mm Developed by Alexander Arms as a "low recoil, high accuracy, long-range cartridge for the AR-15 platform." 65grendel.png
6.8 mm Remington SPC 2003 USA 6.8x43mm Developed by Remington with members of 5th Special Forces Group
.223 WSSM 2003 USA - Winchester Super Short Magnum
.243 WSSM 2003 USA - Winchester Super Short Magnum
.45 GAP 2003 Austria - Glock Automatic Pistol
.500 S&W Magnum 2003 USA - One of the most powerful handgun-specific cartridges.
.17 HM2 2004 USA - .17 Hornady Mach 2 17HM2specs.jpg
.204 Ruger 2004 USA 5.18 mm 204 Ruger specs.png
.25 WSSM 2004 USA 6.35 mm Winchester Super Short Magnum
.325 WSM 2005 USA 8 x 53 mm Winchester Short Magnum
.416 Barrett 2006 USA 10.3 mm Designed as a better alternative to the .50BMG for sniper rifles.
.17 Remington Fireball 2007 USA 4.368 high-performance approx 4,000 ft/s (1,200 m/s) in a small case
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